| History
& Culture
Year wise liberation movement
1947 - The Indian
Subcontinent was partitioned
1948 -
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, a law student of Dhaka University, forms the East Pakistan
Student League ......
1949 - Maulana Abdul
Hamid Khan Bhashani, a prominent Bengali leader, founded the Awami Muslim league at
Narayanganj (Dacca). Sheikh Mujibur Rahman became one of its three assistant General
Secretaries .....
1951 - Mr. Liaquat Ali khan was assassinated while
addressing a public meeting in Rawalpindi. Khwaja Nazim-ud-Din stepped down to take his
place as the Prime Minister.......
1952 -
21st February the International Mother Landuage Day:
1952 - more on 1952
1953 - The Awami Muslim league dropped the Word
‘Muslim’ from its title to reflect its true secular character ......
1954 - Elections were held for the East Bengal
legislative Assembly – for ‘ the first time since Independence. The East Bengal
parties, Awami league, K.S.P. and others formed the United Front to oppose the ruling
Muslim league .....
1955 - The new eighty-member constituent Assembly was
created by by drawing members from the provincial legislatures. The Awami league and
K.S.P. sent their nominees – a new element in the national politics.
1956 - The constitution placed the inter-wing relations
on a ‘ principle of parity’ i.e. equal representation in the parliament.
Pakistan became a republic and the governor-general, the president of Pakistan. Bangla was
recognized as a state language, as well as Urdu.......
1957 Pakistani Provincial Legislative
Assemblies............
1958 The Awami League coalition government is defeated
in the East Pakistan Assembly..
1959 Bengalis and the vast
majority of West Pakistanis considered it a thin political veneer to perpetuate one-man
rule..........
1960 Field Marshal Ayub Khan seeks a vote
of confidence from the 80,000 Basic Democrats. 75,283 of them confirms him in the office
of the President............
1961 Ayub Khan refers to the 'feeling prevalent in East
Pakistan that there has been less development in the East than in West Pakistan', and
concedes that to some extent the complaint is justified..........
1962 Government arrests H S Suhrawardy in Karachi, on
his return from a tour of East Pakistan, for ‘anti-state
activities’..............
1963 Pakistan and India agree on the demarcation line of
Berubari, a small Indian enclave which jutts into East Pakistan...................
1964 Hindu-Muslim (later Bengali-Bihari) riot breaks out
in East Pakistan...........
1965 Ayub Khans wins the 2nd Presidential election under
‘Basic Democracy’............
1966 President Ayub Khan says that pakistan must build
up its armed forces in order to match India’s military machine.............
1967 Moonsoon floods leave 100,000
homeless...............
1968 President Ayub Khan announces his decision not to
contest the Presidential elections in 1970...........
1969: Anti-government student demonstration breaks out
in Dhaka.
1970 Awami League of East Pakistan gains control of the
National Assembly in Pakistan’s first direct general election by winning 167 of 313
seats...........
1971 January : Newly
elected Awami League MNAs and MPAs (417 in number) take an oath of allegiance to the
Six-Point and Eleven-Point programs...........
1971 February: Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman voices his fear that a conspiracy is being hatched to delay the transfer of
power...........
1971 March: Pakistan
Army begins the genocide of Bengalis.
1971 April : The
‘Mukti Bahini comes into existence officially. Tajuddin Ahmed, Prime Minister of the
Bangladesh provisional government, in Calcutta, India, announces on the radio that a
‘mighty army is being formed around the nucleus of professional soldiers from the
East Bengal Regiment and the East Pakistan Rifles, joined by Police, Ansar … and now
by thousands of Awami League volunteers … and being trained into a fighting
force.’....
1971 May : The
`New York Times' reports that all opposition has been crushed by West Pakistan's
military............
1971 June : Indian
government reports that the number of East Pakistani refugees moving into India is
approaching 6,000,000.........
1971 July : The
Pakistani government says it has already recruited more then 22,000 Rajakars of a planned
force of 35,000.............
1971 August : A
report states that Bengali freedom fighters have attacked several government positions in
and around Dhaka in last 11 days...........
1971 September : At
Chalna (Mongla), in three consecutive attacks on alternative nights, Bengali frogmen armed
with limpet mines damaged or destroyed Navy Ships Lightening, Teviot Baick, AC Murtaza,
Imtiaz Bakhsh, oil tanker Sibtadinga, and one barge.........
1971 October:In
a radio broadcast President Yahya Khan commits to the nation, "Your valiant armed
forces are fully prepared to defend and protect every inch of the sacred soil of
Pakistan.".................
1971 November : In protest
of their government's suppression of the Bangladesh movement, Pakistani diplomats in
Switzerland, India, and Japan resign
1971 December: The
Bangladeshi war criminals (known as RAZAKER and AL_BADAR)
killed a lot of Bangladeshi scholer people.
Following the fall of Dhaka, Pakistan's four divisions in East Pakistan surrender to India
and Bangladesh's joint victorious army...........
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In 1947 the British partitioned the country
into India and Pakistan. Present Bangladesh became the Eastern Wing of the Pakistan.
The nationalist struggle of the people of
Bangladesh took a new shape after its association with Pakistan. The West Pakistani elite
systematically began to exploit the people of East Pakistan although they constituted over
56% of the population.
The language movement of 1952 which claimed
a number of martyrs not only initiated the struggle but became the principal point of
reference and rallying cry. The nationalist struggle intensified during 1969 and went
through a dress rehearsal of sorts before bursting forth in 1971.
But the election results of 1970 which gave
East Pakistan the reign of central government was ignored and on the 26th of March
Pakistani soldiers attacked the civilians of Dhaka causing one of the greatest massacres
in modern history.
This ignited the War of Independence in
which 3 million people erished and 10 million people crossed over the border to save their
lives. The people of Bangladesh mounted one of the most effective guerrilla wars of modern
times and finally the nine month long War of Independence came to an end on 16th December
1971. Bangladesh was free.
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